SLP Praxis 5331 study guide
What the Praxis 5331 covers, and how to study for it
The exam is 132 questions in 150 minutes, split evenly across three content categories. This page lays out what sits in each category, links every free topic outline underneath the category it belongs to, and gives you an order to work in.
- Questions
- 132
- Minutes
- 150
- Categories
- 3
- Topic outlines
- 40
The blueprint: three categories, equal weight
ETS publishes the split, and it is unusually clean: 44 questions in each of three categories, each worth one third of the exam. There is no category you can safely skip and none worth double the study time. What the categories differ in is the kind of thinking they ask for, which is the part worth planning around.
Foundations and Professional Practice
44questionsTypical development, anatomy and physiology, the nature of each disorder, research design, ethics, and the laws that govern practice. Mostly recall and recognition.
12 free outlines
- Speech & Language Development Milestones (Birth to 5)Speech Sound Production
- Later Language Development (School-Age Through Adult)Receptive & Expressive Language
- Phonological Development (Processes, Suppression, Acquisition)Speech Sound Production
- Cranial Nerves for Speech-Language PathologyFeeding & Swallowing
- ASHA Code of EthicsAll areas
- Key Legislation (IDEA, 504, ADA, HIPAA, FERPA, Medicare)All areas
- Research Design & Evidence-Based PracticeAll areas
- Hearing & Audiogram InterpretationHearing
- Genetic Syndromes Relevant to SLPReceptive & Expressive Language
- Swallowing Anatomy & Physiology (4 Phases)Feeding & Swallowing
- Laryngeal Anatomy & Voice ProductionVoice, Resonance & Motor Speech
- Literacy, Reading & Written LanguageReceptive & Expressive Language
Screening, Assessment, Evaluation, and Diagnosis
44questionsChoosing a screening or assessment tool, reading the scores it produces, ruling a diagnosis in or out, and knowing when a referral belongs to someone else.
15 free outlines
- Dysphagia Assessment (Bedside, MBSS, FEES, PAS)Feeding & Swallowing
- Pediatric Assessment EssentialsReceptive & Expressive Language
- Traumatic Brain Injury & Cognitive-CommunicationCognitive Communication
- Cleft Palate & Craniofacial AnomaliesSpeech Sound Production
- Dementia & Right Hemisphere DisordersCognitive Communication
- Autism Spectrum Disorder & Social Communication
- Multilingual Service Delivery & Dialectal VariationReceptive & Expressive Language
- Voice Assessment: Perceptual, Acoustic & Functional MeasuresVoice, Resonance & Motor Speech
- Pediatric Feeding: Assessment & Clinical Decision-MakingFeeding & Swallowing
- Fluency Assessment Across the Life SpanFluency
- Standardized Testing & PsychometricsAll areas
- AAC Assessment & Feature MatchingAAC
- Cluttering & Atypical Fluency DisordersFluency
- Stuttering Assessment & CounselingFluency
- Pragmatic Assessment Across the Life Span
Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation of Treatment
44questionsSelecting a target, picking an approach, sequencing it, measuring whether it worked, and deciding what to change when it did not.
13 free outlines
- Aphasia Classification (Types, Features, Lesion Sites)Receptive & Expressive Language
- Motor Speech Disorders (Dysarthria Types & CAS)Speech Sound Production
- Named Treatment Approaches (Comprehensive List)Receptive & Expressive Language
- Dysphagia Management (Compensatory, Rehabilitative, IDDSI)Feeding & Swallowing
- Fluency Disorders & TreatmentFluency
- AAC Systems & ImplementationAAC
- Voice Disorders & TreatmentVoice, Resonance & Motor Speech
- Treatment Planning & Documentation (SMART Goals, Progress Notes)All areas
- Hearing Technology & Aural RehabilitationHearing
- Social Communication Assessment & Intervention
- AAC Implementation & Communication Partner StrategiesAAC
- Cochlear Implants & Hearing Technology CandidacyHearing
- Counseling & Family-Centered PracticeReceptive & Expressive Language
The nine areas of practice, and how much each is worth
The three categories cut the exam one way. The nine areas of practice cut it the other way, and they are how you actually think about a weak spot: you are not bad at assessment, you are bad at voice. ETS does not publish a question count per area, only the subarea outline, so the figures below are our own estimates worked back from that outline. They are the numbers our study planner uses. They are not official, and you should not repeat them as if they were.
- Receptive & Expressive Languageabout 26 questions20%
- Speech Sound Productionabout 20 questions15%
- Cognitive Communicationabout 16 questions12%
- Voice, Resonance & Motor Speechabout 13 questions10%
- Feeding & Swallowingabout 13 questions10%
- Hearingabout 12 questions9%
- Fluencyabout 11 questions8%
- Social Communication / Pragmaticsabout 11 questions8%
- AACabout 11 questions8%
Estimated from the published ETS subarea outline. Not an ETS figure.
How to build a plan you will actually follow
Most Praxis study plans fail in the same two ways: they are built before anything has been measured, and they spend the most time on whatever the student already likes. Five steps that avoid both.
- 01
Measure before you plan
Every plan that starts with "chapter one" ends with three areas you never opened. Sit a short diagnostic first so the plan is built against your actual gaps rather than the order a textbook happens to use.
- 02
Rank by weakness times weight
An area you are failing that carries four questions is worth less of your week than an area you are middling in that carries twenty. Multiply the two. That product, not your discomfort, is the order to work in.
- 03
Read the outline, then answer questions on it
Reading alone feels productive and does very little. Read one outline, then answer questions in that area the same day, then again a few days later. The second pass is where it sticks.
- 04
Sit at least one full timed form
132 questions in 150 minutes, in one block, before test day. Pacing is a separate skill from content, and it is the one nobody practises.
- 05
Spend the last week on misses, not on new material
In the final stretch, reread the rationales for the questions you got wrong instead of opening a topic you have never seen. New material this late mostly buys anxiety.
On a real form you get about 68 seconds a question, so practise at roughly that pace once the content is in place.
Where to start today
- Take the free diagnostic
12 questions, about 6 minutes. It covers all nine areas and ranks them for you. No account needed.
- Try the free practice test
10 questions with the full rationale on each, one per Big Nine area.
- Browse the outlines by Big Nine area
The same 40 outlines, grouped by area instead of by category.
Common questions
- What does the Praxis 5331 actually cover?
- Three content categories of 44 questions each: Foundations and Professional Practice; Screening, Assessment, Evaluation, and Diagnosis; and Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation of Treatment. Each one is worth a third of the exam, so no category can be skipped and none is worth twice the study time of another.
- Which area should I study first?
- The one where being weak costs you the most questions, which is your accuracy in an area multiplied by how much of the form that area takes up. Grinding an area you are already good at, or a small area you happen to dislike, is the common way to waste a week. The free diagnostic ranks all nine for you in about six minutes.
- How long should I study for the Praxis 5331?
- It depends on where you are starting, and the honest answer is that you cannot tell without measuring. Students who have just finished coursework in an area usually need less time in it than they expect, and more in the areas their program covered in a single week. Take a baseline first, then plan against it.
- Are these study outlines free?
- The opening section of every outline is free to read with no account. The rest of the outline and its key-term definitions open with a free account. The diagnostic and the practice test need no account at all.
- Does ETS publish how many questions each of the nine areas gets?
- No. ETS publishes the three content-category weights and a subarea outline, but not a per-area question count for the nine areas of practice. Any percentage you see attached to a single area, here or anywhere else, is somebody working backwards from the outline. Treat it as a planning aid, not an official figure.
Disclaimer: Praxis is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). SLP Study Hub is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by ETS or ASHA. The outlines and questions linked from this page are original educational content written for SLP Study Hub and aligned to the publicly available Praxis 5331 test blueprint.
